Friday, February 18, 2011

Would you like to come up and see my sketchings?

The RSA has another awesome episode in their animated video series. This time, Steven Pinker talks about the functions of language in human society. We use language to indicate hierarchies and relationship types, and of course this gets covered. But he also touches on an interesting question that I have had a long and unproductive discussion with a couple of friend about: why do we use sexual innuendo during courtship even when the meaning is perfectly clear to both participants? The 10-minute video gives a very interesting answer: indirect speech allows us to avoid "common knowledge", which can make things awkward. In other words, indirect speech allows us to keep up a pretence in the case of rejection. For a closer explanation, have a look:

I have to say, while this explanation is much better than what my friends and I dreamed up during the (possibly drunken) course of our discussion, I am not completely satisfied. Do humans not use innuendo even when the outcome of the come-on is all but certain? It takes a long time for couples to get to the stage of explicit sexual invitations... and even then, innuendo is usually not completely lost from conversation. Are we just so used to indirect speech that we cannot drop it even when the need for it is low to non-existent? Or are we just so risk averse that no matter how minute the chance of rejection, we simply won't go there?

Wednesday, February 02, 2011

Egypt - different view

After I posted my thoughts on Egypt last night, I got an e-mail response from my friend Shashank Joshi, and with his permission I am reposting his thoughts here. Shashank has more source credibility than I do (you may have heard him discussing these questions on BBC Radio 4 among other places), and I think he makes some great points. Shashank writes:
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Regarding your blogpost on Egypt [and the assumption that violence will not escalate], I disagree. Yes, the regular army has said it won't fire, but:

  1. There is the Republican Guard (tens of thousand strong, IIRC).

  2. Your predictions are subject to the protests remaining static. Bets are off if they march to the palace and things escalate.

  3. There may be splits within the army - it only takes a critical mass of tank commanders to suppress an escalation. The split is likely a senior-junior one, as Mubarak has cannily tied up the senior levels via Ahmed Shafiq and Omar Suleiman. 

This is my amateur reading. I think Mubarak will be out, but the conduit is going to be American pressure on Egyptian leadership and senior commanders at colonel level.

The protests have so far not directly penetrated institutions of state power, and when they do, that's when the army's (sets of?) preferences will be revealed. Also, escalation by protesters may tarnish their cause and lower US support, if the regime can contain it in a low-intensity way. A mass mobbing is the worst-case for Mubarak, as that cannot be contained - but do they have the stomach for that?

Tuesday, February 01, 2011

Egypt: after Mubarak, what?

I chose February 1st as the day to return to blogging because it is the beginning of the month, not because of what is happening in Egypt. However, given what is going on, I can't think of another topic for my first post. What is exciting about Egypt from the standpoint of a political science student who knows very, very little about Egypt but likes thinking about (the emergence of) democracy?

First of all, I am in awe of the suddenness and force with which popular unrest started and has carried on. The emergence of mass protests under authoritarian regimes is a highly unpredictable event, and this is a feature (not a bug) of these protests: unpredictability is close to a definitional feature of them. Some of the reasons for this are covered in Timur Kuran's 1991 article "Now out of never" (gated). If you are a social scientist, you are probably familiar with it; if not, it is a beautiful piece on the need to falsify one's preferences under an authoritarian regime and the consequences of such mass-scale falsification. I am not spoiling the end by saying that one consequence is the unpredictability of mass protests. Even so, with abstract tools for understanding this suddenness at my disposal, it is striking and inspiring to see protest emerge and spread from country to country.

The moment I heard about the Egyptian army's declaration that they would not open fire on the people, my first thought was that Mubarak is out. With no physical coercion at his disposal, how could he stay? Iran taught us last year that it is possible for a regime to beat and arrest their way through protests; what can Mubarak do without such an option? However, the clear weakness of Mubarak now raises the question: who will take over? I lack the detailed knowledge of Egyptian politics that is needed to answer that question with any concrete detail, but this will not stop me from throwing some general questions and concerns around (oh blogging, I really have missed you).

It is uplifting to see crowds congregate, pray together, chant together and wave flags. The people want the government out, and they have every right to want the government out. But, in a country of 80 million people, "the people" cannot rule in any direct sense of the word. Furthermore, leaders (even 'new' ones) tend to emerge from groups that already have some level of organisation. They tend to have followers, and some experience of administration. Leaders rarely emerge simply and charismatically from an impromptu protest to become a benevolent (let alone democratic) leader of a new order. The question in Egypt, then, is where these leaders will come from. Which organisations (hitherto repressed?) may be strong enough to actually lead the euphoria of the crowds, negotiate with the leaving government and the staying army, and turn this democratic opportunity into actual outcomes? If such leaders are not available, then popular protest alone will not create democracy... and may peter out, as popular sentiment cannot run high indefinitely. (A similar point is made over at The Monkey Cage by Lucan Way who suggests that Mubarak may yet be able to sit out the protests and also makes some great comparisons to 1989.)

Hello again, world

After a two-month hiatus from blogging, I am back behind the keyboard. Hello!

The break from blogging was much needed and refreshing. I'll readily admit that I enjoyed the silence of "the blogging voice" in the back of my head, the one that's always counting the number of posts I've produced in the last week or so. But an affliction like blogging, once acquired, cannot be shed easily. So, with a new term starting, new courses to be taught and new research to be produced, I am also coming back to new blog posts waiting to be written.

To anyone out there still reading, thanks for your patience while I was away.

Thursday, December 02, 2010

In which I learn that I am not invincible

"Some people learn by reading books, some people learn by observing others, and some people need to piss on an electric fence themselves." I don't remember where I heard this gem of wisdom, but now I know that when it comes to burning myself out, I belong to the third category.

I blogged earlier in the autumn about having taken on too much work, so much so that it was interfering not only with my blogging but also nearly eliminated my social life. The result was that in mid-November, I cracked under the pressure and had to get off the wheel. In other words, I hit a wall full-speed, had a minor breakdown, and it was a very unpleasant experience. Why am I blogging about it? There are several reasons, but the primary reason is that I didn't think this would happen to me. And there are things I learned by doing this to myself that I now wish someone had told me about earlier.

So if you are, like me, (a grad student) convinced of your own invincibility, read on. I wrote this to increase your chances of learning by reading, rather than... you know.

1. Why do I think a stress-induced breakdown will not happen to me?


Because people tend to not talk about it. I have talked to four people in my cohort about this - and two of them have had the same experience, one of them while in this programme. I had no idea. I have also been less than forthcoming about this (until this blog post, I guess). In short, having stress-induced breakdowns is not something that is shouted from the rooftops when it happens. When you don't see people around you having breakdowns it is easy to presume they don't happen, but this is not true. The larger issue here is how to get people to be more open about it when it happens, but the more immediate issue for you is: it happens, and you are not immune.

For those who have had something like this happen, the silence means it is easy to beat yourself up about it: "Why am I the only one who can't handle it?" You're not the only one - relax. Also, remember the oh-so-cheesy but true Baz Luhrmann lyric: "Sometimes you're ahead, sometimes you're behind. The race is long, and in the end it is only with yourself."

2. Why might it happen to me even though I don't think it will?


Grad schools (and many other places) are, by a near-inerrant self-selection mechanism, full of people who are really good at pushing themselves to work hard and give their projects everything they can. People who push themselves hard but have never hit the limit are likely to keep pushing until they hit that limit.

This is exactly what happened to me - I kept taking on more commitments because I always felt that if I just worked a little bit harder, were a little bit more focused, used my time more efficiently, I would get more done. Also, those stories about people working too hard? Clearly, they must be crazy. I'm not crazy, I'm just hardworking. And I can push myself a little bit harder this term.

This line of thought didn't work out very well. If you are an over-achiever at heart (no matter what you're working to achieve), the obvious tendency will be to keep trying until you find your limits. I would suggest being mindful of the limits before you cross them.

3. How do I know I am approaching my limit?

This is where I feel the need to attach an "I am not a doctor" disclaimer. There are many people out there who are qualified to tell you what a burnout looks like, and whether you may be headed for one, and I am not one of them. What I can do, however, is tell you what I should have paid attention to. (Don't we all love hindsight?)

The symptoms were the usual suspects: high levels of stress were followed by occasional insomnia, high irritability, then emotionality and tearing up at minor annoyances. I gradually became more engulfed in work and stress and started cutting out weekends off, time out with friends and other keep-me-sane mechanisms that I had usually been very good at keeping in place. When my irritability and emotionality got so severe that I couldn't finish a homework without crying and felt as though my personality was actually changing (for the worse), I knew I had to stop. However, at this point I already needed a week in bed (with fever) followed by a much-needed Thanksgiving break in order to just patch myself together again. I probably won't be back on full speed until after Christmas. (I do know that in the grand scheme of things this is a relatively small burnout, but it is an unpleasant experience nonetheless.) Next time, I will know to keep an eye on myself for any sleep problems, snapping at friends, being emotional for no reason and feeling like I can't afford to take time off.

For you, the signs may be different - but if you get the feeling that you can't keep your current pace up, you're probably right. Go talk to someone. I had a great experience - everyone I spoke to in order to drop a course, renegotiate deadlines and figure out where to go next was incredibly understanding and supportive. (Given everyone's non-shock at my having overloaded myself, this clearly happens much more than I thought - back to point 1.) Even if the experience hadn't been this supportive, however, it would have been worth it. Your mental health comes first.

And if you really can't shake the compulsion to work even more, think of it this way: you'll need that brain to finish the dissertation. So take care of it - even when taking care of it involves regular nights in with hot chocolate and anything but work.

Sunday, November 28, 2010

Sunday links

Sheila Fitzpatrick recalls Moscow adventures in "A Spy in the Archives"

A stubborn secret in CIA's backyard.

A must-read for all grad students: A guide to the "Snake Fight" portion of your thesis defense.

Journal of Personality Special Issue: Personality and Politics

Recipe: White Cranberry Spritzers

YouTube pick: Pink Martini - Shchedryk (Happy 1st of Advent!)

Sunday, November 21, 2010

Sunday links

Harry Potter stars attempt American accents.

How do you know what time it is? Cool post on your inner clock.

Did your student really write that essay? Confessions of a shadow scholar.

You may have read about a new study regarding gender bias in academic recommendation letters. The Monkey Cage takes a closer look.

Can you distinguish fake smiles from real ones? Find out. (I was no better than chance.)

YouTube pick: Robyn - Hang With Me